| HPO |
HP:0000028 |
Cryptorchidism |
"Testis in inguinal canal. That is, absence of one or both testes from the scrotum owing to failure of the testis or testes to descend through the inguinal canal to the scrotum." [HPO:probinson, PMID:23650202] |
The gonad is mobile and can be retracted superiorly by the cremaster muscle reflex stimulated, for instance, by cold or touch. A retracted testis is not cryptorchidism. An abdominal testis cannot be distinguished by physical examination from an (Apparently) absent testis and requires radiological (or, rarely, surgical) procedures for assessment. |
HP:0000035 |
| HPO |
HP:0000029 |
Testicular atrophy |
"Wasting (atrophy) of the testicle (the male gonad) manifested by a decrease in size and potentially by a loss of fertility." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000035 |
| HPO |
HP:0000030 |
Testicular gonadoblastoma |
"The presence of a gonadoblastoma of the testis." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000150, HP:0010788 |
| HPO |
HP:0000031 |
Epididymitis |
"The presence of inflammation of the epididymis." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0009714, HP:0012649 |
| HPO |
HP:0000032 |
Abnormality of male external genitalia |
"An abnormality of male external genitalia." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000811, HP:0010461 |
| HPO |
HP:0000033 |
Ambiguous genitalia, male |
"Ambiguous genitalia in an individual with XY genetic gender." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000032, HP:0000062 |
| HPO |
HP:0000034 |
Hydrocele testis |
"Accumulation of clear fluid in the between the layers of membrane (tunica vaginalis) surrounding the testis." [PMID:32644551] |
— |
HP:0000035 |
| HPO |
HP:0000035 |
Abnormal testis morphology |
"An anomaly of the testicle (the male gonad)." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000032 |
| HPO |
HP:0000036 |
Abnormal penis morphology |
"Abnormality of the male external sex organ." [] |
— |
HP:0000032 |
| HPO |
HP:0000037 |
Male pseudohermaphroditism |
"Hermaphroditism refers to a discrepancy between the morphology of the gonads and that of the external genitalia. In male pseudohermaphroditism, the genotype is male (XY) and the external genitalia are imcompletely virilized, ambiguous, or complete female. If gonads are present, they are testes." [HPO:curators] |
— |
HP:0000032 |
| HPO |
HP:0000039 |
Epispadias |
"Displacement of the urethral opening on the dorsal (superior) surface of the penis." [HPO:probinson, PMID:23650202] |
Epispadias may be present in a phenotypic male, female, or an individual with ambiguous genitalia. A meatus in a phenotypic male may be positioned either on the glans (glandular or balanic epispadias), the shaft (penile epispadias) or at the attachment of the penis to the abdominal wall (penopubic epispadias). Alternatively, the urethra may be an open groove along the dorsal shaft of the penis, with no readily recognized meatus. Epispadias is a frequent component of Bladder exstrophy, but should be coded separately. |
HP:0100627 |
| HPO |
HP:0000040 |
Long penis |
"Penile length more than 2 SD above the mean for age." [] |
Penile length is the distance between the midline attachment of the gently stretched, flaccid penis above the pubic symphysis and tip of the glans. |
HP:0000036 |
| HPO |
HP:0000041 |
Chordee |
"Ventral, lateral, or ventrolateral bowing of the shaft and glans penis of more than 30 degrees." [HPO:probinson, PMID:23650202] |
The degree of variation of penis curvature is a continuum, but traditionally 30 degrees is considered the threshold for surgical intervention on chordee. Bowing usually becomes more obvious in an erect penis, but is frequently also palpable when stretching a flaccid penis. Chordee can be congenital or acquired; if the former, it can be associated with Webbed Penis or Hypospadias, which should be coded separately. |
HP:0000036 |
| HPO |
HP:0000042 |
Absent external genitalia |
"Lack of external genitalia in a male or female individual." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000811 |
| HPO |
HP:0000044 |
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
"Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is characterized by reduced function of the gonads (testes in males or ovaries in females) and results from the absence of the gonadal stimulating pituitary hormones: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)." [HPO:probinson, PMID:23503957] |
— |
HP:0000135 |
| HPO |
HP:0000045 |
Abnormality of the scrotum |
— |
— |
HP:0000032 |
| HPO |
HP:0000046 |
Scrotal hypoplasia |
— |
— |
HP:0000045, HP:0000050 |
| HPO |
HP:0000047 |
Hypospadias |
"Abnormal position of urethral meatus on the ventral penile shaft (underside) characterized by displacement of the urethral meatus from the tip of the glans penis to the ventral surface of the penis, scrotum, or perineum." [HPO:probinson, PMID:21968448] |
— |
HP:0100627 |
| HPO |
HP:0000048 |
Bifid scrotum |
"Midline indentation or cleft of the scrotum." [HPO:probinson, PMID:23650202] |
A testis may or may not be present in each half of the scrotum. |
HP:0000045 |
| HPO |
HP:0000049 |
Shawl scrotum |
"Superior margin of the scrotum superior to the base of the penis." [HPO:probinson, PMID:23650202] |
A congenital overriding scrotum may disappear with growth and development, especially during puberty. If the entire scrotum is located superior to the penis, the term Penoscrotal transposition is used instead. |
HP:0000045 |
| HPO |
HP:0000050 |
Hypoplastic male external genitalia |
"Underdevelopment of part or all of the male external reproductive organs (which include the penis, the scrotum and the urethra)." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000032, HP:0003241 |
| HPO |
HP:0000051 |
Perineal hypospadias |
"Hypospadias with location of the urethral meatus in the perineal region." [HPO:probinson, PMID:8097257] |
— |
HP:0000047 |
| HPO |
HP:0000052 |
Urethral atresia, male |
"Congenital anomaly characterized by closure or failure to develop an opening in the urethra in males." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0000068 |
| HPO |
HP:0000053 |
Macroorchidism |
"The presence of abnormally large testes." [HPO:probinson] |
— |
HP:0045058 |
| HPO |
HP:0000054 |
Micropenis |
"Abnormally small penis. At birth, the normal penis is about 3 cm (stretched length from pubic tubercle to tip of penis) with micropenis less than 2.0-2.5 cm." [HPO:probinson, PMID:15102623] |
— |
HP:0008736 |